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Social Processes in Juvenile Probation

Type: William T. Grant Scholars

Start Date: June 2009

End Date: May 2014

Grant Amount: $350,000

Person Affiliation(s): Craig Schwalbe

Organization: Columbia University

What characterizes positive relationships between youth offenders and their probation officers? How are these relationships affected by parental support, race, and gender? Probation programs are the centerpiece of the juvenile justice system, yet little research has examined the relationships underlying these programs. Research suggests that alliances characterized by caring, trust, and a sense of fairness are associated with positive long-term outcomes and youth resilience. This William T. Grant Scholar is studying how the beliefs and behaviors of youth and probation officers predict the quality of the working alliance between them. He is looking at whether the quality of these relationships predicts long-term youth outcomes such as risk/need reduction, violation of probation, and recidivism. The study is also focused on how parental support of probation, gender, and race influence the working alliance and its effects. The Scholar is using self-reports, audio recordings, and administrative data as sources.

Focus Areas of this Grant

Age Range of Participants: 10 - 16

Gender: Male, Female

Income: Low Income/Working Poor

Location: Rural, Suburban, Urban

Race/Ethnicity: Black or African American, White

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